Short-biography:
Prof. Hasse is head of the Institute for the Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems (www.stfs.tu-darmstadt.de) at Darmstadt University of Technology. From 2010-2017 he was full professor at the Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg. From 2004-2010 he worked at BMW in engine development and exhaust aftertreatment. He received his doctorate at RWTH Aachen University in 2004 (supervisor: Norbert Peters).
Short-biography:
Prof. Hasse is head of the Institute for the Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems (www.stfs.tu-darmstadt.de) at Darmstadt University of Technology. From 2010-2017 he was full professor at the Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg. From 2004-2010 he worked at BMW in engine development and exhaust aftertreatment. He received his doctorate at RWTH Aachen University in 2004 (supervisor: Norbert Peters).
He has successfully supervised 32 PhD students and currently 30 PhD students and post-docs are working in his group in Darmstadt. His main research interests are combustion theory, modeling and simulation with application to technical systems such as aero-engines, gas turbines, IC engines, furnaces, and reactors in process engineering. He has published over 280 peer-reviewed journal papers. He is Fellow of the International Combustion Institute for his contributions to turbulent combustion, solid fuel combustion, multi-phase flows and soot formation. He was elected to the Board of Directors of the International Combustion Institute in 2024.
Since 2021, he is spokesperson of the collaborative research project “Clean Circles – Reactive Metals as Carbon-free Energy Carriers in a Circular Energy Economy” with more than 50 scientists. He received an ERC Advanced Grant for his proposal A-STEAM – Aluminum STEAM Combustion for Clean Energy in 2024.
Abstract:
The transformation to a net-zero carbon society is one of the most pressing challenges of our time. Green metal fuels, produced from metal oxides using renewable energy, are emerging as a carbon-free, high energy density replacement for fossil fuels due to their availability and recyclability. Iron and aluminum in particular iron and aluminum are promising options for a carbon-free cycle since they are non-toxic, safe to transport, easy to store, abundant, and in principle can be recycled an unlimited number of times.
This plenary will deliver two key messages:
1. Iron and aluminum are promising carriers of renewable energy for a net-zero carbon society.
2. While previous work on solid carbonaceous fuels provides an excellent starting point for studying metals as energy carriers, the physics of iron and aluminum combustion is quite different, fascinating, and largely unexplored.
In the first part, iron and aluminum are introduced as a recyclable chemical energy carrier. During the reduction of metal oxides, energy from renewable sources such as wind, hydro, and solar is stored. This energy is released again through combustion in air or steam. This yields either high-temperature heat (air) or high-temperature heat and hydrogen (steam). The product of this zero-CO2 combustion process is solid metal oxide. One promising application of metals is the retrofit of existing infrastructure. This is demonstrated with a thermodynamic system analysis for a coal-fired power plant to be operated with iron powder in the future. This is followed by a techno-economic analysis, for which different partner countries for reduction and oxidation are considered. Hydrogen and iron are compared as energy carriers based on round-trip efficiency and levelized cost of electricity.
In the second part, selected experimental and numerical results on the combustion physics are presented. First, the oxidation of single iron particles is showcased, and the different phases of ignition and combustion are discussed with a special focus on the coupling of gas phase transport with the condensed phase kinetics. Similarly, the fascinating physics of aluminum-steam combustion are explored. Going towards multidimensional flames, discrete and continuous flame propagation modes are analyzed. Finally, results for turbulent iron-air flames are presented. The need for well-controlled and well-characterized experimental conditions to reduce uncertainties is demonstrated by comparison to simulation results.